Acupuncture in the treatment of fatigue in Parkinson's disease: A pilot, randomized, controlled, study

Introduction Fatigue is a common and disabling problem in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and there is currently no satisfactory treatment. As acupuncture has been reported to be effective in fatigue related to other conditions, we sought to evaluate its efficacy in PD. Methods This was a single center, randomized, sham-controlled study. Forty PD patients with moderately severe fatigue were randomized to receive 5 weeks of biweekly real or sham acupuncture. The primary outcome was change on the General Fatigue score of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-GF) at 5 weeks. Secondary outcomes included MFI-Total score, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Motor score (UPDRS Motor), Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ 39), Geriatrics Depression Scale (GDS), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale ESS). All outcome measures were evaluated at baseline, 5 and 9 weeks. Results Both groups showed significant improvements in MFI-GF and MFI-Total scores at 5 and 9 weeks, but there were no significant between-group differences. There were no improvements from baseline for PDQ 39, GDS, and ESS. Although improvements were noted for the UPDRS Motor score in the real acupuncture group, no between-group difference could be demonstrated. Conclusions Both real and sham acupuncture are equally effective in improving PD-related fatigue, and it is likely that this is due to nonspecific or placebo effects.